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Pilipiknow
Term limits · 2001–2025 local elections

When the term ends, but the power doesn’t.

Local officials may serve three consecutive terms. 1,482 times since 2001, a term-limited official moved to another seat, handed the seat to someone with the same surname, traded seats, or came back for it.

Very high risk
124
cases · 7+ points
High risk
460
cases · 5–6 points
Moderate risk
494
cases · 3–4 points
Low risk
404
cases · 0–2 points
Every case

1,482 seat moves

Each strip shows who won the seat in each election from 2001 to 2025.

This official (●)Same surname (S)Someone elseNo result on file
Highest riskMost recent
Mayor · Danao City, Cebu
Nito DuranoMix Durano
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2022
S
’01
S
’04
S
’07
S
’10
●
’13
●
’16
●
’19
S
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Danao City
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Mix Durano
  • +2Won the same office back in 2025
  • +2Surname held this office 27 straight years
  1. 2016Mayor · Danao City
  2. 2019Mayor · Danao City
  3. 2022Vice Mayor · Danao City
  4. 2025Mayor · Danao City
Mayor · Santiago, Ilocos Sur
Josefino MirandaMichael Miranda
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2022
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
S
’10
●
’13
●
’16
●
’19
S
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Santiago
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Michael Miranda
  • +2Won the same office back in 2025
  • +2Surname held this office 27 straight years
  1. 2016Mayor · Santiago
  2. 2019Mayor · Santiago
  3. 2022Vice Mayor · Santiago
  4. 2025Mayor · Santiago
Mayor · Ungkaya Pukan, Basilan
Jomar MaturanOtong Maturan
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2019
’01
’04
S
’07
●
’10
●
’13
●
’16
S
’19
●
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Ungkaya Pukan
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Otong Maturan
  • +2Won the same office back in 2022
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2013Mayor · Ungkaya Pukan
  2. 2016Mayor · Ungkaya Pukan
  3. 2019Vice Mayor · Ungkaya Pukan
  4. 2022Mayor · Ungkaya Pukan
  5. 2025Mayor · Ungkaya Pukan
Mayor · Tangalan, Aklan
Gene FuentesGary Fuentes
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Tangalan
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Gary Fuentes
  • +2Won the same office back in 2025
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Tangalan
  2. 2013Mayor · Tangalan
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Tangalan
  4. 2019Vice Mayor · Tangalan
  5. 2022Vice Mayor · Tangalan
  6. 2025Mayor · Tangalan
Mayor · Akbar, Basilan
Alih SaliRaiza Sali
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
●
’19
●
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Akbar
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Raiza Sali
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Akbar
  2. 2013Mayor · Akbar
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Akbar
  4. 2019Mayor · Akbar
  5. 2022Mayor · Akbar
  6. 2025Mayor · Akbar
Mayor · Manolo Fortich, Bukidnon
Rogelio QuinoClive Quiño
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
●
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Governor · Bukidnon
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Clive Quiño
  • +2Won the same office back in 2022
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Manolo Fortich
  2. 2013Mayor · Manolo Fortich
  3. 2016Vice Governor · Bukidnon
  4. 2019Vice Governor · Bukidnon
  5. 2022Mayor · Manolo Fortich
  6. 2025Mayor · Manolo Fortich
Mayor · Santa Praxedes, Cagayan
Esterlina AguinaldoDanny Aguinaldo
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
●
’19
●
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Santa Praxedes
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Danny Aguinaldo
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Santa Praxedes
  2. 2013Mayor · Santa Praxedes
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Santa Praxedes
  4. 2019Mayor · Santa Praxedes
  5. 2022Mayor · Santa Praxedes
  6. 2025Mayor · Santa Praxedes
Vice Mayor · Ballesteros, Cagayan
Vincent UniteVioleta Unite
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Mayor · Ballesteros
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Violeta Unite
  • +2Won the same office back in 2025
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Vice Mayor · Ballesteros
  2. 2013Vice Mayor · Ballesteros
  3. 2016Mayor · Ballesteros
  4. 2019Mayor · Ballesteros
  5. 2022Mayor · Ballesteros
  6. 2025Vice Mayor · Ballesteros
Mayor · Rosario, Cavite
Jose Ricafrente Jr.Jose Ricafrente
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
●
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Rosario
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Jose Ricafrente
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Rosario
  2. 2013Mayor · Rosario
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Rosario
  4. 2019Mayor · Rosario
Mayor · Matalam, Cotabato
Oscar ValdeviesoCheryl Catamco
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
●
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
●
’19
●
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Matalam
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Cheryl Catamco
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  • +2Surname held this office 27 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Matalam
  2. 2013Mayor · Matalam
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Matalam
  4. 2019Mayor · Matalam
  5. 2022Mayor · Matalam
  6. 2025Mayor · Matalam
Mayor · Kapalong, Davao del Norte
Edgardo Timbol Jr.Maria Timbol
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Kapalong
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Maria Timbol
  • +2Won the same office back in 2025
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Kapalong
  2. 2013Mayor · Kapalong
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Kapalong
  4. 2019Vice Mayor · Kapalong
  5. 2022Vice Mayor · Kapalong
  6. 2025Mayor · Kapalong
Mayor · Malita, Davao Occidental
Benjamin BautistaBradly Bautista
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Malita
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Bradly Bautista
  • +2Won the same office back in 2025
  • +2Surname held this office 24 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Malita
  2. 2013Mayor · Malita
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Malita
  4. 2025Mayor · Malita
Mayor · Maslog, Eastern Samar
Septemio SantiagoRac Santiago
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Maslog
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Rac Santiago
  • +2Won the same office back in 2025
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Maslog
  2. 2013Mayor · Maslog
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Maslog
  4. 2025Mayor · Maslog
Mayor · Nueva Era, Ilocos Norte
Aldrin GarvidaCaroline Garvida
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
S
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
●
’19
●
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Nueva Era
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Caroline Garvida
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  • +2Surname held this office 27 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Nueva Era
  2. 2013Mayor · Nueva Era
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Nueva Era
  4. 2019Mayor · Nueva Era
  5. 2022Mayor · Nueva Era
  6. 2025Mayor · Nueva Era
Mayor · Burgos, Ilocos Norte
Crescente GarciaRodolfo Garcia
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
●
’19
●
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Burgos
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Rodolfo Garcia
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Burgos
  2. 2013Mayor · Burgos
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Burgos
  4. 2019Mayor · Burgos
  5. 2022Mayor · Burgos
  6. 2025Mayor · Burgos
Mayor · Nagbukel, Ilocos Sur
Timoteo CabreraAmy Cabrera
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
●
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Nagbukel
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Amy Cabrera
  • +2Won the same office back in 2022
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Nagbukel
  2. 2013Mayor · Nagbukel
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Nagbukel
  4. 2022Mayor · Nagbukel
Vice Mayor · Santa, Ilocos Sur
Jesus Bueno Jr.Jeremy Bueno
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Mayor · Santa
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Jeremy Bueno
  • +2Won the same office back in 2025
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Vice Mayor · Santa
  2. 2013Vice Mayor · Santa
  3. 2016Mayor · Santa
  4. 2019Mayor · Santa
  5. 2022Mayor · Santa
  6. 2025Vice Mayor · Santa
Mayor · Bingawan, Iloilo
Matt PalabricaMark Palabrica
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
S
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Bingawan
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Mark Palabrica
  • +2Won the same office back in 2025
  • +2Surname held this office 27 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Bingawan
  2. 2013Mayor · Bingawan
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Bingawan
  4. 2025Mayor · Bingawan
Mayor · Bangar, La Union
Joy MerinGeorge Pinzon
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
S
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
●
’19
●
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Bangar
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: George Pinzon
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  • +2Surname held this office 24 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Bangar
  2. 2013Mayor · Bangar
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Bangar
  4. 2019Mayor · Bangar
  5. 2022Mayor · Bangar
Vice Mayor · Pantao Ragat, Lanao del Norte
Lacson LantudAyran Lantud
Very high risk · 8 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
●
’19
●
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Mayor · Pantao Ragat
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Ayran Lantud
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Vice Mayor · Pantao Ragat
  2. 2013Vice Mayor · Pantao Ragat
  3. 2016Mayor · Pantao Ragat
  4. 2019Vice Mayor · Pantao Ragat
  5. 2022Vice Mayor · Pantao Ragat
  6. 2025Vice Mayor · Pantao Ragat