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Pilipiknow
Term limits · 2001–2025 local elections

When the term ends, but the power doesn’t.

Local officials may serve three consecutive terms. 1,482 times since 2001, a term-limited official moved to another seat, handed the seat to someone with the same surname, traded seats, or came back for it.

Very high risk
124
cases · 7+ points
High risk
460
cases · 5–6 points
Moderate risk
494
cases · 3–4 points
Low risk
404
cases · 0–2 points
Every case

494 seat moves

Each strip shows who won the seat in each election from 2001 to 2025.

Clear
This official (●)Same surname (S)Someone elseNo result on file
Highest riskMost recent
Mayor · Talisayan, Misamis Oriental
Rommel MaslogCatherine Ifurung
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Swapped seatsReturned to the seatTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
’10
●
’13
●
’16
●
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Talisayan
  • +2Won the same office back in 2013
  1. 2004Mayor · Talisayan
  2. 2007Mayor · Talisayan
  3. 2010Vice Mayor · Talisayan
  4. 2013Mayor · Talisayan
  5. 2016Mayor · Talisayan
  6. 2019Mayor · Talisayan
  7. 2022Vice Mayor · Talisayan
Mayor · San Jose, Negros Oriental
Nelson RuizCarmelo Remollo
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Swapped seatsReturned to the seatTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
’10
’13
●
’16
●
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · San Jose
  • +2Won the same office back in 2016
  1. 2004Mayor · San Jose
  2. 2007Mayor · San Jose
  3. 2010Vice Mayor · San Jose
  4. 2013Vice Mayor · San Jose
  5. 2016Mayor · San Jose
  6. 2019Mayor · San Jose
Vice Mayor · Mabinay, Negros Oriental
Ernie UyEnozario Baldoza
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Swapped seatsReturned to the seatTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
’10
’13
’16
●
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Mayor · Mabinay
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  1. 2004Vice Mayor · Mabinay
  2. 2007Vice Mayor · Mabinay
  3. 2010Mayor · Mabinay
  4. 2013Mayor · Mabinay
  5. 2016Mayor · Mabinay
  6. 2019Vice Mayor · Mabinay
Mayor · Pamplona, Negros Oriental
Apolinario Arnaiz Jr.Apollo Arnaiz
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Same-surname successorTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
S
’10
S
’13
’16
’19
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Apollo Arnaiz
  • +1Surname held this office 15 straight years
  1. 2004Mayor · Pamplona
  2. 2007Mayor · Pamplona
Vice Mayor ⇄ Mayor · Mabinay, Negros Oriental
Ernie UyEnozario Baldoza
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Seat exchangeTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
’10
’13
’16
●
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Ernie Uy and Enozario Baldoza traded Vice Mayor and Mayor in 2010
  • +1Surname held these offices 18 straight years
  1. 2004Vice Mayor · Mabinay
  2. 2007Vice Mayor · Mabinay
  3. 2010Mayor · Mabinay
  4. 2013Mayor · Mabinay
  5. 2016Mayor · Mabinay
  6. 2019Vice Mayor · Mabinay
Governor · Northern Samar
Raul DazaPaul Daza
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
S
’10
’13
’16
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Representative · Northern Samar
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Paul Daza
  1. 2004Governor · Northern Samar
  2. 2007Governor · Northern Samar
  3. 2010Representative · Northern Samar
  4. 2016Representative, 1st District · Northern Samar
Mayor · Kasibu, Nueva Vizcaya
Romeo TayabanAlberto Bumolo Jr.
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Swapped seatsReturned to the seatTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
’10
’13
’16
●
’19
●
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Kasibu
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  1. 2004Mayor · Kasibu
  2. 2007Mayor · Kasibu
  3. 2010Vice Mayor · Kasibu
  4. 2013Vice Mayor · Kasibu
  5. 2016Vice Mayor · Kasibu
  6. 2019Mayor · Kasibu
  7. 2022Mayor · Kasibu
  8. 2025Mayor · Kasibu
Mayor · Lubao, Pampanga
Dennis PinedaMylyn Cayabyab
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Same-surname successorTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
S
’10
S
’13
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Mylyn Cayabyab
  • +1Surname held this office 15 straight years
  1. 2004Mayor · Lubao
  2. 2007Mayor · Lubao
  3. 2013Vice Governor · Pampanga
  4. 2025Vice Governor · Pampanga
Mayor · Calasiao, Pangasinan
Roy MacanlalayMark Macanlalay
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
S
’10
’13
’16
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Calasiao
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Mark Macanlalay
  1. 2004Mayor · Calasiao
  2. 2007Mayor · Calasiao
  3. 2010Vice Mayor · Calasiao
  4. 2013Vice Mayor · Calasiao
Mayor · General Luna, Quezon
Minerva SangalangJose Sangalang
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Same-surname successorTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
S
’10
S
’13
S
’16
’19
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Jose Sangalang
  • +1Surname held this office 18 straight years
  1. 2004Mayor · General Luna
  2. 2007Mayor · General Luna
Mayor · City of Lucena, Quezon
Ramon Talaga Jr.Jr. Talaga
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
S
’10
’13
’16
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Mayor · Lucban
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Jr. Talaga
  1. 2004Mayor · City of Lucena
  2. 2007Mayor · City of Lucena
  3. 2010Mayor · Lucban
Mayor · Diffun, Quirino
May CalaunanMarlo Guillermo
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Swapped seatsReturned to the seatTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
’10
’13
’16
●
’19
●
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Governor · Quirino
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  1. 2004Mayor · Diffun
  2. 2007Mayor · Diffun
  3. 2010Vice Governor · Quirino
  4. 2013Vice Governor · Quirino
  5. 2016Vice Governor · Quirino
  6. 2019Mayor · Diffun
  7. 2022Mayor · Diffun
  8. 2025Mayor · Diffun
Mayor · City of Koronadal, South Cotabato
Fernando MiguelPeter Miguel
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Same-surname successorTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
S
’10
S
’13
S
’16
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Peter Miguel
  • +1Surname held this office 18 straight years
  1. 2004Mayor · City of Koronadal
  2. 2007Mayor · City of Koronadal
Mayor · Esperanza, Sultan Kudarat
Romulo Latog Jr.Helen Latog
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Same-surname successorTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
S
’10
S
’13
S
’16
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Helen Latog
  • +1Surname held this office 18 straight years
  1. 2004Mayor · Esperanza
  2. 2007Mayor · Esperanza
Vice Governor · Surigao del Sur
Librado NavarroManuel Alameda Sr.
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Swapped seatsReturned to the seatTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
’10
’13
’16
●
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Mayor · Marihatag
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  1. 2004Vice Governor · Surigao del Sur
  2. 2007Vice Governor · Surigao del Sur
  3. 2010Mayor · Marihatag
  4. 2013Mayor · Bayabas
  5. 2013Mayor · City of Bislig
  6. 2016Mayor · City of Bislig
  7. 2019Vice Governor · Surigao del Sur
Mayor · Lingig, Surigao del Sur
Roberto Luna Jr.Henry Dano
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Swapped seatsReturned to the seatTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
’10
●
’13
●
’16
S
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Lingig
  • +2Won the same office back in 2013
  1. 2004Mayor · Lingig
  2. 2007Mayor · Lingig
  3. 2010Vice Mayor · Lingig
  4. 2013Mayor · Lingig
  5. 2016Mayor · Lingig
Mayor · Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
Tomasa GuardoGenito Guardo
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Same-surname successorTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
S
’10
S
’13
’16
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Genito Guardo
  • +1Surname held this office 15 straight years
  1. 2004Mayor · Cantilan
  2. 2007Mayor · Cantilan
Vice Mayor · Pura, Tarlac
Concepcion ZarateManuel Pascua
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Swapped seatsReturned to the seatTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
’10
’13
’16
●
’19
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Mayor · Pura
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  1. 2004Vice Mayor · Pura
  2. 2007Vice Mayor · Pura
  3. 2010Mayor · Pura
  4. 2013Mayor · Pura
  5. 2016Mayor · Pura
  6. 2019Vice Mayor · Pura
Mayor · La Paz, Tarlac
Dionisio ManuelMichael Manuel
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Same-surname successorTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
S
’10
S
’13
S
’16
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Michael Manuel
  • +1Surname held this office 18 straight years
  1. 2004Mayor · La Paz
  2. 2007Mayor · La Paz
Vice Mayor · Mahayag, Zamboanga del Sur
Lorna EspinaPaulino Fanilag Sr.
Moderate risk · 4 pts
Swapped seatsReturned to the seatTerm limit 2010
●
’01
●
’04
●
’07
’10
’13
’16
●
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Mayor · Mahayag
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  1. 2004Vice Mayor · Mahayag
  2. 2007Vice Mayor · Mahayag
  3. 2010Mayor · Mahayag
  4. 2013Mayor · Mahayag
  5. 2016Mayor · Mahayag
  6. 2019Vice Mayor · Mahayag