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Pilipiknow
Term limits · 2001–2025 local elections

When the term ends, but the power doesn’t.

Local officials may serve three consecutive terms. 1,482 times since 2001, a term-limited official moved to another seat, handed the seat to someone with the same surname, traded seats, or came back for it.

Very high risk
124
cases · 7+ points
High risk
460
cases · 5–6 points
Moderate risk
494
cases · 3–4 points
Low risk
404
cases · 0–2 points
Every case

1,482 seat moves

Each strip shows who won the seat in each election from 2001 to 2025.

This official (●)Same surname (S)Someone elseNo result on file
Highest riskMost recent
Mayor · Ballesteros, Cagayan
Violeta UniteVincent Unite
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
S
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Ballesteros
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Vincent Unite
  • +2Surname held this office 24 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Ballesteros
  2. 2013Mayor · Ballesteros
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Ballesteros
  4. 2019Vice Mayor · Ballesteros
  5. 2022Vice Mayor · Ballesteros
Vice Mayor ⇄ Mayor · Ballesteros, Cagayan
Vincent UniteVioleta Unite
High risk · 6 pts
Seat exchangeTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
●
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Vincent Unite and Violeta Unite traded Vice Mayor and Mayor in 2016
  • +1Both share the same surname
  • +2Surname held these offices 24 straight years
  1. 2010Vice Mayor · Ballesteros
  2. 2013Vice Mayor · Ballesteros
  3. 2016Mayor · Ballesteros
  4. 2019Mayor · Ballesteros
  5. 2022Mayor · Ballesteros
  6. 2025Vice Mayor · Ballesteros
Mayor · Banisilan, Cotabato
Betty AlladoJesus Alisasis
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
S
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Banisilan
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Jesus Alisasis
  • +2Surname held this office 27 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Banisilan
  2. 2013Mayor · Banisilan
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Banisilan
Mayor · Cateel, Davao Oriental
Camilo NuñezLinda Nuñez
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
●
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Cateel
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Linda Nuñez
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Cateel
  2. 2013Mayor · Cateel
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Cateel
Mayor · Arteche, Eastern Samar
Rolando EvardoneRoland Evardone
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Arteche
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Roland Evardone
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Arteche
  2. 2013Mayor · Arteche
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Arteche
  4. 2019Vice Mayor · Arteche
  5. 2022Vice Mayor · Arteche
Mayor · Banayoyo, Ilocos Sur
Severino GalangaVirgilio Galanga
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Banayoyo
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Virgilio Galanga
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Banayoyo
  2. 2013Mayor · Banayoyo
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Banayoyo
Mayor · Guimbal, Iloilo
Christine GarinOscar Garin
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
S
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Governor · Iloilo
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Oscar Garin
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Guimbal
  2. 2013Mayor · Guimbal
  3. 2016Vice Governor · Iloilo
Mayor · Balasan, Iloilo
Filomeno GanzonManuel Ganzon
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
S
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Balasan
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Manuel Ganzon
  • +2Surname held this office 27 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Balasan
  2. 2013Mayor · Balasan
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Balasan
Vice Mayor ⇄ Mayor · Bingawan, Iloilo
Mark PalabricaMatt Palabrica
High risk · 6 pts
Seat exchangeTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Mark Palabrica and Matt Palabrica traded Vice Mayor and Mayor in 2016
  • +1Both share the same surname
  • +2Surname held these offices 27 straight years
  1. 2010Vice Mayor · Bingawan
  2. 2013Vice Mayor · Bingawan
  3. 2016Mayor · Bingawan
  4. 2019Mayor · Bingawan
  5. 2022Mayor · Bingawan
Mayor · Balaoan, La Union
Al-Fred ConcepcionAleli Concepcion
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
S
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Balaoan
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Aleli Concepcion
  • +2Surname held this office 27 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Balaoan
  2. 2013Mayor · Balaoan
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Balaoan
  4. 2019Vice Mayor · Balaoan
Mayor · Alaminos, Laguna
Eladio MagamponLoreto Masa
High risk · 6 pts
Same-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
●
’19
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Loreto Masa
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  • +1Surname held this office 15 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Alaminos
  2. 2013Mayor · Alaminos
  3. 2019Mayor · Alaminos
Mayor · Capoocan, Leyte
Federico CarolinoFe Carolino
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Capoocan
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Fe Carolino
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Capoocan
  2. 2013Mayor · Capoocan
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Capoocan
Mayor · Aloran, Misamis Occidental
Jimmy RegaladoJunipher Roa
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
S
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Aloran
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Junipher Roa
  • +2Surname held this office 24 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Aloran
  2. 2013Mayor · Aloran
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Aloran
  4. 2019Vice Mayor · Aloran
  5. 2022Vice Mayor · Aloran
Mayor · Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija
Josefino AngelesMarita Angeles
High risk · 6 pts
Same-surname successorReturned to the seatTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
●
’19
●
’22
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Marita Angeles
  • +2Won the same office back in 2019
  • +1Surname held this office 18 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Santa Rosa
  2. 2013Mayor · Santa Rosa
  3. 2019Mayor · Santa Rosa
  4. 2022Mayor · Santa Rosa
Mayor · City of San Carlos, Pangasinan
Julier ResuelloJoseres Resuello
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
S
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · City of San Carlos
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Joseres Resuello
  • +2Surname held this office 27 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Rosales
  2. 2010Mayor · City of San Carlos
  3. 2013Mayor · Rosales
  4. 2013Mayor · City of San Carlos
  5. 2016Vice Mayor · City of San Carlos
Vice Mayor · City of San Carlos, Pangasinan
Joseres ResuelloJulier Resuello
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Mayor · City of San Carlos
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Julier Resuello
  • +2Surname held this office 24 straight years
  1. 2010Vice Mayor · Rosales
  2. 2010Vice Mayor · City of San Carlos
  3. 2013Vice Mayor · Basista
  4. 2013Vice Mayor · City of San Carlos
  5. 2016Mayor · City of San Carlos
Vice Mayor ⇄ Mayor · City of San Carlos, Pangasinan
Joseres ResuelloJulier Resuello
High risk · 6 pts
Seat exchangeTerm limit 2016
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +2Joseres Resuello and Julier Resuello traded Vice Mayor and Mayor in 2016
  • +1Both share the same surname
  • +2Surname held these offices 27 straight years
  1. 2010Vice Mayor · Rosales
  2. 2010Vice Mayor · City of San Carlos
  3. 2013Vice Mayor · Basista
  4. 2013Vice Mayor · City of San Carlos
  5. 2016Mayor · City of San Carlos
Mayor · San Agustin, Romblon
Emmanuel MadronaEsteban Madrona
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
S
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Representative, Lone District · Romblon
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Esteban Madrona
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · San Agustin
  2. 2013Mayor · San Agustin
  3. 2016Representative, Lone District · Romblon
Mayor · Daram, Samar
Lucia AstorgaPhilip Astorga
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
S
’01
S
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Daram
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Philip Astorga
  • +2Surname held this office 27 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Daram
  2. 2013Mayor · Daram
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Daram
Mayor · Malimono, Surigao del Norte
Teodoro SinacaWallace Sinaca
High risk · 6 pts
Swapped seatsSame-surname successorTerm limit 2016
’01
’04
●
’07
●
’10
●
’13
S
’16
S
’19
S
’22
S
’25
  • +1Reached the 3-term limit
  • +1Won another seat the next election: Vice Mayor · Malimono
  • +2Same-surname successor took the seat: Wallace Sinaca
  • +2Surname held this office 21 straight years
  1. 2010Mayor · Malimono
  2. 2013Mayor · Malimono
  3. 2016Vice Mayor · Malimono